Drama : BUKAN MALIN KUNDANG

We proudly present you, our very own drama, BUKAN MALIN KUNDANG. This drama was presented by our P5 students during BATARI SCHOOL Year End Event in December 2013 as a tribute to mothers. This is the audio version. Click on this link below to enjoy it!

http://youtu.be/5fZE-MPw1N4

What Causes Ventricular Fibrillation?

What are the risk factors for ventricular fibrillation?

A risk factor is something which increases the likelihood of developing a condition or disease. For example, obesity significantly raises the risk of developing diabetes type 2. Therefore, obesity is a risk factor for diabetes type 2.

The following risk factors are linked to ventricular fibrillation:

• Having had ventricular fibrillation before
• A previous heart attack
• Cardiomyopathy - disease of the heart muscle (myocardium)
• Cocaine and/or methamphetamine use
• Congenital heart disease - being born with a heart defect
• Electrocution or other injuries that resulted in heart muscle damage

Credit : http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/188837.php

Can people with pacemaker go through metal detector?

Devices that may interfere with a pacemaker:

Anti-theft systems (also called electronic article surveillance or EAS): Interactions with EAS systems are unlikely to cause clinically significant symptoms in most patients. However, the American Heart Association recommends that you:

• Be aware that EAS systems may be hidden or camouflaged in entrances and exits in many businesses.
• Don't stay near the EAS system longer than is necessary.
• Don't lean against the system.

Metal detectors for security: Interactions with metal detectors are unlikely to cause clinically significant symptoms in most patients. However, the American Heart Association recommends that you:

• Don't stay near the metal detector longer than is necessary.
• Don't lean against the system.
• If scanning with a hand-held metal detector is necessary, tell the security personnel that you have a pacemaker. Ask them not to hold the metal detector near the device any longer than is absolutely necessary. Or ask for an alternative form of personal search.

Cell phones: Currently, phones available in the United States (less than 3 watts) don't appear to damage pulse generators or affect how the pacemaker works.

• Technology is rapidly changing as the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) makes new frequencies available.
• Newer cellphones using these new frequencies might make pacemakers less reliable.
• A group of cellphone companies is studying that possibility.
• Bluetooth® headsets do not appear to interfere with pacemakers.

MP3 player headphones: Most contain a magnetic substance and research has documented that placing the headphones too close to the pacemaker caused interference.

• Keep your headphones at least 1.2 inches (3 cm) away from your pacemaker.
• Never rest your head on the chest of a person with pacemaker while you're wearing headphones.
• Both the earbud and clip-on types of headphones can cause interference.
• Do not place headphones in a breast pocket or drape them over your chest. 

Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL): a noninvasive treatment that uses hydraulic shocks to dissolve kidney stones.

• This procedure may be done safely in most pacemaker patients, with some reprogramming of the pacing.
• You'll need careful follow-up after the procedure and for several months to be sure your pacemaker is working properly.
• ESWL should be avoided in patients with certain kinds of pacemakers implanted in the abdomen.
• Discuss your specific case with your doctor before and after the treatment.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): a noninvasive diagnostic tool that uses a powerful magnet to produce images of internal organs and functions.

• Metal objects are attracted to the magnet and are normally not allowed near MRI machines.
• The magnet can interrupt the pacing and inhibit the output of pacemakers.
• If MRI must be done, the pacemaker output in some models can be reprogrammed.
• Discuss with your doctor the possible risks and benefits before you undergo MRI scanning.

Power-generating equipment, arc welding equipment and powerful magnets: Such as found in some medical devices, heavy equipment or motors can inhibit pulse generators.

• If you work closely with or near such equipment, be aware of the risk that your pacemakers may not work properly in those conditions.
• Follow your healthcare provider's instructions about being around such equipment.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA): A medical procedure that uses radio waves to manage a wide variety of arrhythmias.

• RFA is usually performed before the pacemaker is implanted.
• Studies have shown that most permanent pacemakers aren't adversely affected by radio frequencies during catheter ablation.
• However, if RFA is performed with a pacemaker, a variety of changes in your pacemaker are possible during and after the treatment.
• Your doctor should carefully evaluate your pacing system after the procedure.

Short-wave or microwave diathermy: A medical procedure that uses high-frequency, high-intensity signals for physical therapy. These may bypass your pacemaker's noise protection and interfere with or permanently damage the pulse generator.
Therapeutic radiation (such as for cancer treatment): May damage the pacemaker's circuits.

• The degree of damage is unpredictable and may vary with different systems.
• The risk is significant and builds up as the radiation dose increases.
• The American Heart Association recommends that the pacemaker be shielded as much as possible and moved if it lies directly in the radiation field.
• If you depend on your pacemaker for normal heart pacing, your electrocardiogram (ECG) should be monitored during the treatment, and your pulse generator should be tested often after and between radiation sessions.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): A medical device used to relieve acute or chronic pain with electrodes placed on the skin and connected to a pulse generator.

• Most studies have shown that TENS rarely inhibits bipolar pacing.
• It may sometimes briefly inhibit unipolar pacing. This can be treated by reprogramming the pulse generator

Credit : https://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Arrhythmia/PreventionTreatmentofArrhythmia/Devices-that-may-Interfere-with-Pacemakers_UCM_302013_Article.jsp#

During AED shock, why can't we touch the casualty?

AED Precautions

• Do Not touch the victim while defibrillating. You or someone else could get shocked.
• Do Not use alcohol to wipe the victim's chest dry. Alcohol is flammable.
• Do Not use an AED in a moving vehicle. Movement may affect the analysis.
• Do Not use an AED on a victim who is in contact with water. Move victims away from puddles of water or swimming pools or out of the rain before defibrillating. (See above answer to the question "Can AEDs be used safely in the rain and snow?")
• Do Not use an AED on a victim lying on a conductive surface. Conductive surfaces, such as sheet metal or metal bleachers, may transfer the shock to others.
• Do Not use an AED on a child under age 8 or under 90 pounds. AEDs do not have the capability to adjust to the low-energy settings needed for infants and children. Local protocols may differ on this and should be followed.
• Do Not use an AED on a victim who has a nitroglycerine or other patch. Remove any patches from the chest before attaching the device.
• Do Not touch the vicitm while the AED is analyzing. Touching or moving the victim may affect the analysis.
• Do Not defibrillate someone around flammable materials, such as gasoline or freeflowing oxygen.
• Do Not use a cellular phone or radio within 6 feet of the AED. This may interrupt analysis.

Credit : http://ehs.missouri.edu/work/aed.html

Why Do Babies Have Higher Heart Rate?

Newborns have resting heart rates around 100 to 150 beats per minute, way higher than that of adults. In fact, a newborn’s resting heart rate is in the ballpark of the target heart rate for an adult doing a heavy workout. What gives? Why do newborns’ hearts beat so much faster than adults’?
Part of the answer lies in the fact that babies grow so dramatically. They burn food in every cell of their bodies to fuel that growth.
The process requires not only an abundance of milk but also oxygen, and it produces large amounts of carbon dioxide as waste.
Babies’ hearts work overtime to keep supplying oxygen and removing carbon dioxide to fuel their amazing growth.

But growth isn’t the only factor, because it’s not just baby animals we’re talking about. Adult Chihuahuas have much higher heart rates than adult elephants. Why? Chihuahuas have a greater surface to volume ratio. In other words, the Chihuahua has a greater proportion of skin than internal tissue, which means it loses more heat to the environment, relatively speaking, than a larger animal.
Babies’ hearts beat much faster than their parents’, both to fuel their growth and make up for greater heat loss to the environment.
So little hearts maintain a higher metabolic rate, pound for pound, than big hearts.

Credit : http://indianapublicmedia.org/amomentofscience/heart-rate-babys-heart-rate/

Jenis-jenis Imunisasi Dan Manfaatnya

Ada beberapa jenis imunisasi yang direkomendasikan oleh American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) kepada anak-anak:

1. Imunisasi Hepatitis B, berfungsi untuk melindungi hati. Jika anak terinfeksi virus hepatitis B, maka dalam jangka panjang ia memiliki risiko terserang penyakit liver ataupun kanker hati. Imunisasi ini harus diberikan kepada anak-anak sebanyak tiga kali. Pertama kali diberikan segera setelah si kecil lahir. Yang kedua kalinya saat ia berusia 1-2 bulan. Dan yang terakhir, saat berusia 6-18 bulan.
2. Imunisasi Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PVC). Imunisasi ini berfungsi melindungi anak dari risiko terkena pneumonia, infeksi dalam darah, dan meningitis. Imunisasi PCV diberikan saat anak berusia di bawah dua atau lima tahun.
3. Imunisasi DTaP, yang fungsinya melindungi anak dari difteri, tetanus, dan pertusis. Difteri merupakan infeksi pada tenggorokan yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan pernapasan. Tetanus adalah penyakit yang menyebabkan kejang yang sangat hebat pada otot. Pertusis merupakan penyakit pernapasan yang berkembang menjadi batuk rejan. Imunisasi DTaP diberikan saat anak berusia 2 bulan, 4 bulan, 6 bulan, 15-18 bulan, dan 4-6 tahun.
4. Imunisasi Haemophilus Influenzae tipe B (HIB), yaitu imunisasi yang melindungi anak dari penyakit meningitis. Imunisasi diberikan melalui suntikan pada usia 2 bulan, 4 bulan, dan 6 bulan.
5. Imunisasi polio, bermanfaat untuk mencegah anak terinfeksi virus polio yang berakibat pada kelumpuhan permanen. Imunisasi polio biasanya diberikan pada saat anak berusia 2 bulan, 4 bulan, 6-18 bulan, dan 4-6 tahun.
6. Imunisasi MMR (Measles Mumps Rubella), yang berfungsi anak dari campak, gondok, dan rubella. Imunisasi MMR diberikan melalui dua kali suntikan, yaitu saat usia 12-15 bulan dan usia 4-6 tahun.
7. Imunisasi Varicella yang memiliki fungsi melindungi anak dari cacar air. Imunisasi varicella diberikan melalui suntikan saat usia 12-15 bulan.
8. Imunisasi terhadap virus Hepatitis A. Imunisasi ini dianjurkan untuk anak usia 12-23 bulan, dan diikuti dosis keduanya 6 bulan kemudian.
9. Imunisasi Rotavirus. Imunisasi ini berfungsi mencegah diare hingga dehidrasi pada anak terutama pada bayi. Imunisasi dianjurkan diberikan pada anak usia 2-4 bulan.

Credit : http://www.ibudanbalita.com/pojokcerdas/jenis-jenis-imunisasi-dan-manfaatnya

All About Vaccines

While discussing about Transmissible Diseases in Health Education class, Leony asked about immunizations.

Here's some information for you :
(credit : http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002024.htm)

Vaccines (immunizations) - overview

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Vaccines are used to improve your immune system and prevent serious, life-threatening diseases.

Information

HOW VACCINES WORK
Vaccines "teach" your body how to defend itself when germs, such as viruses or bacteria, invade it:

• They expose you to a very small, very safe amount of viruses or bacteria that have been weakened or killed.
• Your immune system then learns to recognize and attack the infection if you are exposed to it later in life.
• As a result, you will not become ill or you may have a milder infection. This is a natural way to deal with infectious diseases.

Four types of vaccines are currently available:

• Live virus vaccines use the weakened (or attenuated) form of the virus. The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine and the varicella (chickenpox) vaccine are examples.
• Killed (inactivated) vaccines are made from a protein or other small pieces taken from a virus or bacteria. The flu vaccine is an example.
• Toxoid vaccines contain a toxin or chemical made by the bacteria or virus. They make you immune to the harmful effects of the infection, instead of to the infection itself. Examples are the diphtheria and tetanus vaccines.
• Biosynthetic vaccines contain manmade substances that are very similar to pieces of the virus or bacteria. The Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type B) conjugate vaccine is an example.

WHY WE NEED VACCINES
For a few weeks after they are born, babies have some protection from germs that cause diseases. This protection is passed from their mother through the placenta before birth. After a short period, this natural protection goes away.
Vaccines help protect against many diseases that used to be much more common. Examples include tetanus, diphtheria, mumps, measles, pertussis (whooping cough), meningitis, and polio. Many of these infections can cause serious or life-threatening illnesses and may lead to lifelong disabilities. Because of vaccines, many of these illnesses are now rare.

SAFETY OF VACCINES
Some people worry that vaccines are not safe and may be harmful, especially for children. They may ask their health care provider to wait or even choose not to have the vaccine. But the benefits of vaccines far outweigh their risks.
Scientific studies have shown that vaccines and their components, such as the preservative thimerosal, do not cause autism or ADHD. Based on these studies, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as the Institute of Medicine conclude that the benefits of vaccines outweigh their risks.
Other information about risks:

• Getting the actual infection from vaccines: Unless a person's immune system is weakened, it is unlikely that a vaccine will give the person the infection. Vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, rubella, the chickenpox, and nasal spray flu contain live but weakened viruses and should not be received by persons with weakened immune systems.
• Allergic reactions: Such reactions are rare and are usually to some part (component) of the vaccine. 
• Danger of live vaccines: Certain live vaccines may be dangerous to the fetus of a pregnant woman. These include the measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, the chickenpox vaccine, and the nasal spray flu vaccine. To avoid harm to the baby, pregnant women should not receive any of these vaccines. The health care provider can tell you the right time to get these vaccines.

COMMON IMMUNIZATIONS

• Chickenpox - vaccine
• DTaP immunization (vaccine)
• Hepatitis A vaccine
• Hepatitis B vaccine
• Hib - vaccine
• HPV vaccine
• Influenza vaccine
• Meningococcal vaccine
• MMR - vaccine
• Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
• Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine
• Polio immunization (vaccine)
• Rotavirus vaccine
• Tdap vaccine
• Tetanus - vaccine

Happy Valentine's Day!!!

Primary 5 would like to wish everyone HAPPY VALENTINE'S DAY....
Let's spread the love all around the world ^o^

  

Field trip to MURNI TEGUH MEMORIAL HOSPITAL

Our P5 students went to MURNI TEGUH MEMORIAL HOSPITAL to learn more about First Aid. They had a lecture session by Dr. Jony Hartono, Sp.A, one of the paediatrists in the hospital, about simple procedures of first aid for minor cuts, minor burns and nosebleed. Then, another doctor, dr. Anggres Tio, showed them how to bandage wounds. Each of them got a chance to do some practice. In addition, the doctor told them about the correct steps of washing hands, too.
The children really enjoyed the day. They sent out their most sincere gratitude to Dr. Jony Hartono, Sp.A, dr. Anggres Tio and Ibu Effi for the time and opportunity.
Thank you so much to MURNI TEGUH MEMORIAL HOSPITAL. Hope to see you again!

   

We'll update you with the video version of the activity soon... ^o^

Mom and Dad's ABC's (a poem by Rachel)

LOVE LIKE A RAINBOW (a poem by Rachel)

DAYS OF THE DAY (a poem by Rachel)

SPECIALTY OF EACH FLOWER (a poem by Rachel)